Yes. A Tetris movie fact-check confirms that Henk Rogers had developed games for his company, Bullet-Proof Software, a Japanese game publisher. Born in the Netherlands, Henk Rogers grew up in the United States and met his wife Akemi, a Japanese woman, while going to college at the University of Hawaii. Rogers moved to Japan with Akemi, and it was there he became involved in game development, forming his own company, Bullet-Proof Software. He created a turn-based RPG called The Black Onyx, which, by 1984, had become the bestselling computer game in Japan.
Yes. The true story behind the Tetris movie on Apple TV+ confirms that Alexey Pajitnov was a computer scientist at the Moscow Academy of Sciences who created Tetris in his spare time in the summer of 1984 (Gaming Historian). He was inspired by a game called Pentominoes, which features Tetris-like pieces that you place in a puzzle box. He imagined the game's pieces falling down a computer screen, with the player having to maneuver them as they're falling so they land in the right spot. Alexey told Destructoid that it took him "maybe two weeks" to create the principle part of the game.
In researching how accurate is Tetris on Apple TV+, we learned that, like in the movie, Pajitnov combined the Greek word "Tetra," meaning four, with the name of his favorite sport, "Tennis."
No. "I didn't wear cowboy boots," Rogers said during an SXSW red-carpet interview in Austin. "I have a ranch and I do have cowboy boots, but I stopped wearing them as soon as I didn't have a horse."
Yes. Despite the game being created by Alexey Pajitnov, he was left out in the cold when it came to profiting from the sale of the rights. As a communist country, the Soviet Union owned the rights to the intellectual property created by its citizens. Making matters worse, Alexey created the game on computers at the Moscow Academy of Sciences where he worked, another factor that made the game government property.
While conducting our Tetris movie fact vs. fiction analysis, we discovered that Alexey Pajitnov's boss at the Moscow Academy of Sciences sent Tetris to a similar organization in Budapest, Hungary, the Institute for Computer Science and Control (SZTAKI). They fell in love with it, so much so that several students at the institute even ported the game from the IBM PC to the Commodore 64 and Apple II.
Like in the Tetris movie, the true story confirms that Bullet-Proof Software owner Henk Rogers had been living in Japan with his wife, Akemi, and children, including his daughter Maya, and was on the lookout for a video game that could shake up the market. He discovered Tetris in January of 1988 at the Winter Consumer Electronics Show in Las Vegas. The Russian game was being exhibited by the American software company Spectrum Holobyte (owned by Britain's Maxwell Communications Corporation). After playing it, he was hooked and couldn't get it out of his head.
"Tetris was probably the quietest game at the show," Rogers said later. "Even then, products were graphically exciting, but this game was a totally different thing. I wanted to play it because it struck some basic chord. I couldn't stop playing." He stood in line over and over, playing more than five times at the show.
Yes. At first, Rogers, whose company Bullet-Proof Software was based in Japan, tried to secure the Japanese rights to Tetris from U.S.-based Spectrum Holobyte. Rogers and Spectrum Holobyte's CEO, Gilman Louie, signed a letter of intent for Bullet-Proof Software to publish Tetris on almost every platform in existence in Japan. However, when Gilman Louie phoned MirrorSoft, Spectrum Holobyte's UK counterpart, to tell them the news, MirrorSoft founder Jim Mackonochie told Louie that the arcade and console rights for Japan had already been sold to Atari Games. Louie explained to Rogers that he could have the PC rights, but if he wanted the arcade and console rights, he would have to get them from Atari.
Yes. By 1988, it had become standard for Nintendo to package its consoles in America with a game. The Nintendo Entertainment System had been packaged with Super Mario Bros. and Duck Hunt. Nintendo was on the verge of releasing the handheld console Game Boy but wasn't sure which game to include. A Tetris movie fact-check verifies that during a meeting with Nintendo of America's president, Minoru Arakawa, Henk Rogers suggested bundling the Game Boy with Tetris. He said almost word for word what he says in the movie. "If you include Mario, the Game Boy will be for little boys, but if you include Tetris, the Game Boy will be for everybody," Rogers told him. Rogers offered to help secure the handheld rights to Tetris in North America, knowing that he could make millions on the deal.
Yes. After learning that Robert Stein had yet to secure the handheld rights to Tetris, Henk Rogers decided it would be best to deal directly with Russia. As seen in the Tetris movie, the true story corroborates that Rogers didn't trust Stein. Complicating matters was the fact that Spectrum Holobyte, the company Stein had sold the PC and console rights to, was trying to sell the handheld rights to Nintendo. Henk Rogers assured Nintendo that Spectrum Holobyte did not own the handheld rights.
Henk Rogers headed to Moscow to secure the handheld rights. At the same time, Spectrum Holobyte's sister company in the UK, MirrorSoft (also owned by the Maxwell Corporation), heard about Nintendo's interest in the handheld rights. MirrorSoft sent Kevin Maxwell, the son of the Maxwell Corporation's owner, Robert Maxwell, to Russia. The Maxwell Corporation had relationships with Russian diplomats and would have much more sway in securing the handheld and arcade rights. It's true that in February of 1989, all three men (Henk Rogers, Robert Stein, and Kevin Maxwell) flew to Moscow to negotiate with Nikolai Belikov for the handheld rights to Tetris.
Yes. In researching the Tetris true story, we learned that Henk Rogers was aware that Robert Stein was planning to negotiate with ELORG, the state-owned Russian organization that handled the importing and exporting of technology. However, he didn't know where the negotiations were taking place. To get information, he tried to befriend some locals by playing Go, a strategy board game, but his efforts got him nowhere. He decided to hire an interpreter and spent a day riding around Moscow before they finally discovered the location of ELORG. Rogers walked into the building and asked to talk to someone about the rights to Tetris. Normally, it was against protocol to talk to a foreigner who didn't have proper clearances, but Nikolai Belikov was curious and decided to meet him. After all, a third contender for the Tetris rights would up the stakes of his negotiations. -Gaming Historian
Yes. As indicated in the Tetris cast vs. real people section at the top of this page, Sasha (Sofya Lebedeva) was inspired by Henk Rogers' real-life translator, a woman named Ola. It's true that she was a KGB agent, but according to Henk, he was well aware of this from the moment he hired her.
"Finally, I hired an interpreter from a booth in the lobby of my hotel," Henk wrote in a 2014 article for The Guardian. "They were all KGB, but she was beautiful and very perky, when everybody else was doom and gloom. She took me to ELORG, but she wouldn't take me in because I hadn't been officially invited. I was breaking a cardinal rule – trying to do business on a tourist visa – but I told her I hadn't come all this way for nothing."
Yes. Gorbachev kept a close eye on Nikolai Belikov's handling of the negotiations. Belikov worked for ELORG (Elektronorgtechnica), a state-owned organization in Russia that handled the exporting and importing of computer software and hardware. Up until 1989, ELORG was controlled by the Soviet Union's Ministry of Foreign Trade. It's true that Belikov's basic strategy at the negotiating table was to keep demanding more and more money for the rights to Tetris.
Yes. When Henk Rogers met Nikolai Belikov of ELORG to negotiate the handheld rights to Tetris, he showed Belikov a Tetris cartridge for the Nintendo Famicom, telling Belikov that they were the biggest publisher of Tetris in the world. A fact-check confirms that Belikov was confused and grew angry, telling Rogers that ELORG hadn't given the console rights to anyone. Rogers outlined the chain of licensing and sub-licensing that gave him the console rights, starting with Robert Stein's Andromeda Software.
To some degree, yes. Once Henk Rogers learned that the Russians had never actually sold the console rights, he realized that he had a bigger problem on his hands. He had gone to Moscow to secure the handheld rights but was now in danger of losing everything. The Tetris true story reveals that Rogers did fear that he could end up in "some gulag" if he couldn't get the rights, especially since he had been illegally selling the console version via Nintendo. -Gaming Historian
Yes. During Henk Rogers' second meeting with ELORG, both Nikolai Belikov and Alexey Pajitnov were present, as well as several other members of ELORG. Henk Rogers was alone at the table. He explained the video game business, and ELORG showed him their contract with Robert Stein. As Rogers reviewed it, he spotted the line that was causing the problem. The contract stated that Robert Stein had the rights to port Tetris to "different types of computers." The Russians saw this as meaning different types of personal computers, while Stein interpreted the language loosely and was defining a home console as a "type of computer."
During our exploration into the Tetris backstory, we learned that the KBG did in fact send two agents to the Bullet-Proof Software office in Tokyo. The real Henk Rogers mentions this in an essay he wrote for The Guardian. "The KGB even sent two agents to my office in Tokyo. Because I'd had no contact with my staff, they thought: 'Oh my God, what's happened to Henk?'" It's unclear whether it was Henk's wife Akemi who they approached. In the movie, Akemi (Ayane Nagabuchi) is visited by two Russian men who are looking for Henk. Alexey Pajitnov (Nikita Efremov) also tells Henk that "the most powerful men in Communist Party are watching you and your family." While the KGB did visit Henk's Tokyo office, their role in the movie is significantly exaggerated to make them a bigger villain in the Tetris story.
Yes. Like in the Apple TV+ movie, when Robert Stein met with Nikolai Belikov at ELORG in Moscow, Belikov demanded that ELORG be paid the late payments they were owed. When examining the Tetris fact vs. fiction, we learned that Belikov presented Stein with a backdated amendment to their original contract. The amendment outlined hefty penalties for late payments. It also now clearly defined a computer system as consisting "of a processor, monitor, disk drive(s), keyboard, and operating system," a line that Stein overlooked when he read it. He had been too focused on the substantial late payments and getting to the negotiations for the arcade and handheld rights. However, the new wording meant that Stein could no longer try and claim he had the console rights.
Belikov told Stein that he wasn't ready to sell the handheld rights but they could make a deal for the arcade rights. Stein agreed to pay ELORG $150,000 for advanced royalty payments for the arcade rights. While it was a high price, it meant that Stein could avoid licensing issues for SEGA and Tengen's arcade versions of the game. -Gaming Historian
Yes. During Kevin Maxwell's meeting at ELORG, Nikolai Belikov showed him a Tetris cartridge for the Nintendo Famicom console. Maxwell had no idea what it was despite the fact that his own company, MirrorSoft, had sold the console rights to Tetris in Japan to Atari Games, which had subsequently sold the rights to Henk Rogers' Bullet-Proof Software (Rogers teamed up with Nintendo to sell the game). Yet, Kevin Maxwell didn't recognize the cartridge and assumed it was a pirated copy of Tetris. He didn't even seem to understand that his own company had claimed to own the console rights in addition to the PC rights.
Yes. Nikolai Belikov of the Russian organization ELORG was happy with his deal with Henk Rogers to give Rogers and Nintendo the handheld rights to Tetris. He was so pleased that he asked Rogers to make him an offer for the home console rights. He gave Rogers and Nintendo three weeks to present the deal in writing. Rogers headed back home to Japan and discussed the home console rights with Nintendo, something they didn't even realize was up for grabs.
Yes. While studying the Tetris movie fact vs. fiction, we discovered that Robert Stein admitted to being careless when it came to valuing what the Russians wanted in return. However, he also claimed to be the victim of cheating, lying, and backstabbing, accusing Henk Rogers of helping the Russians come up with his amended contract. He also lashed out at Kevin Maxwell, stating that Maxwell's meeting with Nikolai Belikov of ELORG had "screwed everyone over." For Kevin Maxwell to tell Belikov that MirrorSoft would entertain a deal for the console rights to Tetris meant that Maxwell was so uninformed that he didn't understand that his own company, MirrorSoft, already owned the console rights (at least everyone at MirrorSoft believed that they did). MirrorSoft would have had a better position legally if Maxwell had simply told Belikov that the console rights already belonged to MirrorSoft.
Yes. Kevin Maxwell utilized the Maxwell Corporation's ties to the Russian government and got Soviet authorities involved. The Russian government questioned Nikolai Belikov and reviewed his files. Belikov didn't waver. It's true that when Kevin Maxwell told his father Robert about the botched deal, his father "went apeshit." Robert Maxwell contacted Soviet General Secretary Mikhail Gorbachev. However, Gorbachev was dealing with more pressing matters given that his country was on the verge of collapse. Gorbachev told Maxwell, "You should no longer worry about the Japanese company." Realizing there was little more that could be done, MirrorSoft bowed out of the fight for the Tetris rights. -Gaming Historian
No. Here again, writer Noah Pink and director Jon S. Baird are attempting to spice up the intrigue by adding more fiction. There were no Russian double agents in the Tetris true story, nor were there the over-the-top antagonists we see in the movie.
No. A Tetris fact-check reveals that the scene in the Apple TV+ movie where Tetris creator Alexey Pajitnov (Nikita Efremov) is behind the wheel accompanied by Henk Rogers (Taron Egerton) and two Nintendo dealmakers as corrupt KGB officials tail them is purely fictional. No such event ever took place in real life, but it works in the movie because it's played for laughs (a Russian cover of "Holding Out for a Hero" plays loudly and further sets the comedic tone of the scene). -IGN
No. Henk Rogers (Taron Egerton) becoming trapped in Soviet Russia and having to make it out with the rights to Tetris before the fall of communism is an Argo-esque aspect that wasn't part of the true story, which mainly involved contract negotiation and bickering over terminology. There was no race-to-a-plane-to-make-it-out-in-time moment in real life.
Yes. Nintendo of America sent Atari Games a cease and desist order with regard to the sale of Tetris cartridges for the NES (or any other home system) under Atari's Tengen brand. Tengen replied by saying that they had "received all NES rights to the game Tetris in early 1988." Atari Games sued Nintendo for infringing on their licensing deal and the battle headed to the courts. Atari had already spent substantial amounts of money marketing the game and had produced 300,000 game cartridges to be sold. Despite the legal dispute, Tengen went ahead and released Tetris for the NES on May 17, 1989 and moved 150,000 copies in a matter of weeks.
For years, Alexey Pajitnov watched as his game created significant profits for other companies, including Andromeda Software, MirrorSoft, Atari Games, and Nintendo, while he received nothing. As a citizen of communist Russia, he was unable to profit from Tetris. Instead, the share of the profits sent back to Russia went to the state.
Henk Rogers knew the situation hadn't been fair to Pajitnov and was determined to help his friend. In researching the Tetris history, we discovered that in 1991, Rogers helped Pajitnov immigrate to the Seattle area with his family. Pajitnov founded his own software company called AnimaTek. When the rights to Tetris expired in 1995, Pajitnov had the opportunity to finally profit from the game he invented. By then, the Russian organization ELORG had become a private company, still run by Nikolai Belikov. ELORG purchased fifty percent of the Tetris rights. Henk Rogers and Alexey Pajitnov became partners and formed The Tetris Company, buying the other fifty percent. Finally, after 13 years, Alexey Pajitnov began to receive royalties for the game he created. In 2005, Belikov sold his half of the shares to The Tetris Company, giving them full ownership of the rights to the game.
Alexey Pajitnov went to work for Microsoft in 1996 and designed several more puzzle games, but none were nearly as successful as Tetris. He parted ways with Microsoft in 2005, focusing on his own projects and still collecting the Tetris royalties. -Gaming Historian
In March 2022, Business Insider ranked Tetris as the bestselling video game franchise of all time at 496.4 million units sold. Call of Duty came in second at 400 million units sold and the Super Mario franchise third at 387.7 million units. However, according to The Gamer, if you count all Mario games as a single franchise, Mario easily takes the number one spot at 740 million units sold.
No. The movie was shot in Scotland, where production designer Dan Taylor was able to effectively re-create Russia, England, Japan, and other locations, making them believable enough that most people won't know the difference.
The Apple TV+ film exaggerates the Tetris story by turning the litigation around the video game's rights into a high-stakes political thriller that at times mirrors something out of a Jason Bourne movie. Henk Rogers being portrayed as a heroic figure who risked his life to secure the handheld and console rights for Tetris is beyond a stretch, but just like the filmmakers turning each chapter in the story into "Levels" and introducing the characters as players, it was done to try and turn a real-life tale about international video game rights into something far more exciting. Basically, how do you liven up what were essentially boardroom discussions? However, by the final act, the real-life events have disappeared too far from view and the movie embraces something more fantastical as it tries to amp up the fear and danger.
As one reviewer pointed out, when the Tetris movie sticks to the details of the story, it starts to resemble The Social Network but for video games. Pivotal real-life moments like the introduction of Nintendo's handheld Game Boy console feel revolutionary. Yet, the insertion of fictional elements like car chases and over-the-top KGB agents, as well as clichés like Henk missing his daughter's music recital because he's on his journey to bring Tetris to the masses, veer too far from the facts.
With all this talk of Tetris' history and the movie, you might be wondering where you can play Tetris online. No worries. You can Play Tetris for Free at the Official Tetris Website. Enjoy!